What function does the epidermis serve?

The epidermis, as the outermost layer of the skin, serves the essential function of acting as a barrier against infection and environmental damage. This layer is composed mainly of keratinocytes, which produce keratin, a tough and protective protein that helps prevent pathogens, pollutants, and other harmful substances from penetrating the skin. Additionally, the epidermis aids in preventing water loss, thus maintaining hydration levels of the skin beneath.

In contrast, fluid absorption is primarily handled by the deeper layers of the skin and specific organs rather than the epidermis itself. Heat regulation is largely managed by the dermis, which contains blood vessels that can dilate or constrict to help control body temperature. Fat storage is primarily a function of the subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis, where adipose tissue is located, rather than the epidermis. Each of these functions highlights the specialized roles that different layers of skin play in maintaining overall skin health and functionality.